TIME MACHINES
IN PHYSICS
state of the art


All articles and books

Almost 200 citations directly reffering to time machines or time travel.

The entries are ordered chronologically by year (starting from the newest), and then alphabetically within each year.

2001 ========================================

[book]
Bengtsson I and Brannlund J
2+1 gravity, chaos and time machines
J. Math. Phys. 42 (2001) 3565

[book]
Gott JR
Time Travel in Einstein's Universe: the Physical Possibilities of Travel through Time
Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 2001
[an excelent book by one of the TM engineers]

2000 ========================================

[wh]
Anchordoqui LA Trobo ML Vucetich H Zyserman F
Gravitational memory of natural wormholes
Mod Phys Lett A 15(6): 429-438, 2000
[A traversable singularity-free wormhole. The gravitational memory phenomenon]

[TM-gt]
Birmingham D, Sen S
Gott time machines, BTZ black hole formation, and Choptuik scaling
Phys Rev Lett 84 (2000) 1074-1077
[It is shown that the Gott time machine provides a mechanism for black hole formation]

[pop: TM-wh, TM-wd]
Ford LH, Roman, TA
Negative energy, wormholes and warp drive
Sci Am: 46-53, 2000 Jan (reply: 2000 May p.12)

[TM-wd]
Gonzalez-Diaz PF
Warp drive space-time
Phys Rev D62: 044005 (2000)

[TM]
Gonzalez-Diaz PF
Misner-brane cosmology
Phys Lett B486: 158-164 (2000)

[TM->QM]
Gonzalez-Diaz PF
Kinks, energy conditions and closed timelike curves
Int J Mod Phys D 9(5): 531-541, 2000. (gr-qc/0007065)

[pop]
Gott JR
Will we travel back (or forward) in time?
Time, April 10, 2000 pp 68-70
[popular discussion on physics and time travel]

[TM-gt]
Klepac P and Horsky J
Charged universes of the Godel type with closed timelike curves
Class Quant Grav 17(13): 2547-2555, 2000

[TM-os]
Olum KD
The Ori-Soen time machine
Phys Rev D61 (2000) 124022
[problems with attempt to build Ori-sen time machine with normal matter]

[TM]
Tiglio MH
How much energy do closed timelike curves in 2+1 spacetimes need?
Phys Rev D61 (2000) 08 1503
[Energy assumes negative values]

[TM-ec]
Visser M and Barcelo C
Energy conditions and their cosmological consequences
gr-qc/0001099
[various energy conditions discussed]

1999 ========================================

[TM-st]
Anchordoqui LA, Perez Bergliaffa SE, Trobo ML, Birman GS
Cylindrically symmetric spinning Brans-Dicke spacetimes with closed timelike curves
Mod Phys Lett A14 (1999): 1105-1112

[Phil]
Chambers T
Discussion - Time travel: How not to defuse the principal paradox
Ratio-New Series. 12(3): 296-301, 1999

[TM-st]
De Lorenci VA De Paola RDM Svaiter NF
From spinning to non-spinning cosmic string spacetime
Class Quant Grav 16(10): 3047-3055, 1999

[nec]
Fewster CJ, Teo E
Bounds on negative energy densities in static space-times
Phys Rev D 5910(10): 4016, 1999

[TM->QM; TM-wh]
Flagga MSN.
Decohering a charged scalar field in a time-machine wormhole background
Int J Theor Phys 38(8): 2121-2161, 1999
[The decoherent-histories approach to quantum mechanics is used for a wormhole time machine]

[TM-bh]
Gibbons GW.
Rotating black holes in unified theories
Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement. (136):18-28, 1999
[Supersymmetric five-dimensional rotating solutions of Beckenridge at al. When under-rotating --- they are extreme black holes; when over-rotating --- they are naked time machines. Possibility of time travel by freely falling observers]

[TM-bh]
Gibbons GW and Herdeiro CAR
Supersymmetric rotating black holes and causality violation
Class Quant Grav 16 (11) 3619-3652, 1999

[Phil]
Grey W
Troubles with time travel
Philosophy 74(287): 55-70, 1999

[TM-st]
Gonzalez-Diaz PF
Perdurance of multiply connected de Sitter space
Phys Rev D 59, 1999, 123513
[multiple-connected de Sitter ST of Gott and Li is stable; in support of stability of self-creating universes]

[TM-top]
Gonzalez-Diaz PF, Garay LJ
Nonorientable spacetime tunneling
Phys Rev D 59 (1999) 064026

[TM-st]
Gott JR, and Li XL
Can the universe create itself?
Phys Rev D 58, 1998, 023501 . Also: astro-ph/9712344
[primordial CTC, time loop allowing the universe to create itself]

[TM-gt]
Holst S, Matschull H-J
Supersymmetric rotating black holes and causality violation
Class Quant Grav 16, 1999, 3095
[2D theory with a negative energy vacuum state throughout space; TM = cosmic string inside a black hole]

[TM-gd]
Kanti P, Vayonakis CE
Godel-type universes in string-inspired charged gravity
Phys Rev D 60, 1999, 103519
[Godel-type universes with electro-magnetic fields and charges]

[Phil]
King D
Time travel and self-consistency: Implications for determinism and the human condition
Ratio-New Series 12(3): 271-278, 1999

[TM->QM]
Krasnikov S.
Quantum field theory and time machines
Phys Rev D 59 : 4010, 1999 Jan 15???????14 December 1998
[various locality condition considered and proposed. MF-locality condition permits time machines]

[TM-st]
Li LX
Time machines constructed from anti-de Sitter space
Phys Rev D 59 (1999) 084016

[wh wec]
Vollick DN.
Wormholes in string theory
Class Quant Grav 16(5):1599-1604, 1999
[A wormhole joining two spacetimes described by the 'string metric.' Wormholes can be constructed without violation the weak and dominant energy conditions]

1998 ===============================================

[TM->QM]
Antonsen F and Bormann K
Time machines and the breakdown of unitarity
Int J Theor Phys 37(9): 2383-2393, 1998

[TM-gd]
Bonnor WB, Santos NO, MacCallum MAH
An exterior for the Godel spacetime
Class. Quant. Grav. 15 (1998) 357-366

[TM-pdx]
Cassidy MJ and Hawking SW
Models for chronology selection
Phys Rev D 57, 1998, 41998
[a specific model of st where QM seems to enforce causality protection]

[Pop]
Chown M
All the worlds a time machine
New Scientist 157(2124): 38-41, 1998 Mar 7.
[short exposition of M. Hadleys idea that an elementary particle is a local ST warp that it permits closed timelike curves. Hence general relativity could reproduce (explain) the effects of QM]

[Pop]
Cole GHA and Dunningdavies J
The prospects for time travel - comments
Observatory 118(1144): 165-166, 1998 Jun.

[TM-gz, TM->QM]
Gonzalez-Diaz PF
Quantum time machine
Phys Rev D 58 (12): 4011, 1998

[QTM]
Gray A
A design for a quantum time machine
quant-ph/9804008
[misleading title. On QM measurement problem; quantum "seeing into future."]

[TM; new]
Krasnikov SV
Time machines with non-compactly generated cauchy horizons and ``handy singularities"
gr-qc/9711040 (To appear in the proceedings of the 8th Marcel Grossman Conference)

[TM-new]
Krasnikov SV
A singularity-free WEC-respecting time machine
Class Quant Grav 15 (1998) 997-1003

[TM<-QM]
Li LX and Gott JR
Self-consistent vacuum for Misner space and the chronology protection conjecture
Phys Rev Lett 80, 2980, 1998
[Misner space stable to quantum flutuations; against CPC]

[TM->QM]
Mensky MB and Novikov ID
Decoherence caused by topology in a time-machine spacetime
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D5 (1996) 1-27

[book]
Novikov ID
The River of Time
Cambridge, England, Cambridge University Press, 1998
[principle of self-consistency, faith in time-travels]

[TM-gd]
Rooman M, Spindel Ph
Godel metric as a squashed anti-de Sitter geometry
Class Quant Grav 15 (1998) 3241-3249

[TM->QM, TM-pl]
Rosenberg S
Testing causality violation on spacetimes with closed timelike curves
Phys Rev D 57(6):3365-3377, 1998
[politzer TM used to investigate the scattering experiment; interesting results on agreement with the no CTC case if there is enough TM's]

[TM-pdx]
Sharlow MF
A new non-Hausdorff spacetime model for resolution of the time travel paradoxes
Annals of Physics 263(2): 179-197, 1998

[Phil]
Smith NJJ
The problems of backward time travel
Endeavour 22(4):156-158, 1998.
[a philosopher's account]

[TM->QM]
Sushkov SV
Particle creation near the chronology horizon
Phys Rev D 58, 1998, 044006
[a 2D ST, in which the number of particles created at the Cauchy horizon is finite]

[TM-]
Tiglio MH
No time machine construction in open 2+1 gravity with timelike total energy-momentum
Phys Rev D 58 (6): 4018, 1998

[Hist]
Yourgrau P
Comments on "Did Godel surprise Einstein with a rotating universe and time travel?" by Giora Hon
Found Phys 28(11): 1719-1727, 1998
[on Giora's 1996 paper]

1997 ====================================================

[Phil]
Adams RM
Thisness and time travel
Philosophia. 25(1-4): 407-415, 1997 Apr.

[Pop]
Bonham E
Time travel
New Scientist. 154(2088): 51, 1997 Jun 28.

[TM<-QM]
Cassidy MJ
Divergences in the effective action of acausal spacetimes
Class Quant Grav 14 p 523, 1997
[shows that a self-consistent quantum vacuum for Misner space exist, allowing time travel]

[TM<-QM]
Cassidy MJ
The 1-loop instability of Misner space
Class Quant Grav 15 (8), 1998

[Pop]
Cole GHA and Dunningdavies J
The prospects for time travel
Observatory. 117(1138): 150-151, 1997 Jun.

[TM]
Everett AE and Roman TA
Superluminal subway - the Krasnikov tube
Phys Rev D 56 (4): 2100-2108, 1997

[pop]
Gribbin J
To the editors of the observatory - prospects for time travel
Observatory. 117(1141): 368, 1997 Dec.

[Lit]
Hamburger S
Time machines - the best time travel stories ever written - Adler,b
Library Journal. 122(19): 79, 1997 Nov 15.

[TM->QM]
Kay BS. Radzikowski MJ. Wald RM.
Quantum field theory on spacetimes with a compactly generated Cauchy horizon
Comm Math Phys 183(3): 533-556, 1997

[TM->CM]
Krasnikov SV
Causality violation and paradoxes
Phys Rev D 55(6): 3427-3430, 1997

[Phil]
Riggs PJ
The principal paradox of time travel
Ratio-New Series. 10(1): 48-64, 1997 Apr.

[phil]
Smith NJJ
Bananas enough for time travel
British Journal for the Philosophy of Science. 48(3): 363-389, 1997 Sep.

1996 =============================================

[TM->CM, billiard]
Antonsen F and Bormann K
Self-consistency of the quantum billiard problem in wormhole spacetimes
Int J Theor Phys 35(6): 1223-1244, 1996
[problems with energy conservation]

[TM-wh]
Antonsen F and Bormann K
Wormholes and time-machines
in: Proceedings Third International A. Friedmann Seminar, St. Petersburg 1995, Friedmann Laboratory Publishers 1996

[pop]
Bagnol Ph
Where have all the time travellers gone?
New Scientist. 6 July 1996 p. 45-45

[TM->CM]
Carlini A and Novikov ID
Time machines and the principle of self-consistency as a consequence of the principle of stationary action (ii) - the Cauchy problem for a self-interacting relativistic particle
Int J Mod Phys D 5(5): 445-479, 1996 Oct.

[TM-wd]
Everett AE
Warp drive and causality
Phys Rev D 53 (12) pp 7365-7368, 1996
[warp-drive TM proposed]

[TM-rh]
Gonzalez-Diaz PF
Ringholes and closed timelike curves
Phys Rev D 54(10): 6122-6131, 1996
[ringhole time machine introduced]

[TM-wh]
Guts AK
Time machine as four-dimensional wormhole
gr-qc/9612064

[TM-gt]
Holst S
Gott time machines in the Anti-de Sitter space
Gen Rel Grav 28 (1996) 387-403

[hist]
Hon G.
Disturbing, but not surprising - did Godel surprise Einstein with a rotating universe and time travel
Found Phys 26(4): 501-521, 1996 Apr.

[QM->TM]
Krasnikov SV
The quantum stability of the time machine
Phys Rev D54 (1996) 7322-7327

[QM->TM]
Li LX
Must time machine be unstable against vacuum fluctuations?
Class Quant Grav 13 (1996) 2563-2568

[TM->CM, billiard]
Mensky MB and Novikov ID
Three-dimensional billiards with time machine
Int J Mod Phys D 5(2): 179-192, 1996

[TM->QM]
Mensky MB and Novikov ID
Decoherence caused by topology in a time-machine spacetime
Int J Mod Phys D 5(1): 1-27, 1996.

[Pop]
Parsons P
A warped view of time travel
Science. 274(5285): 202-203, 1996 Oct 11.

[TM-so]
Soen Y and Ori A
Improved time-machine model
Phys Rev D 54(8): 4858-4861, 1996

[phil]
Vihvelin K (Kadri)
What time travelers cannot do
Philosophical Studies 81(2/3): 315-330, March 1996

[book]
Visser M
Lorenztian Wormholes
AIP, Woodbury, 1996
[a book on TM's etc]

[pop]
Wheeler JC
Of wormholes, time machines, and paradoxes
Astronomer Feb 1996 p 52-57

1995 ===============================================

[TM->QM]
Anderson A
Unitarity restoration in the presence of closed timelike curves
Phys Rev D51 (1995) 5707-5715

[TM-wh]
Antonsen F and Bormann K
Problems in time-machine construction due to wormhole evolution
Int J Theor Phys 34 1995, p 2061
[problems with energy conservation]

[TM->CM]
Carlini A, Frolov VP, Mensky MB, Novikov ID, and Soleng HH
Time machines: the principle of self-consistency as a consequence of the principle of minimal action
Int J Mod Phys D4 (1995) 557-580; Erratum-ibid. D5 (1996) 99

[TM->QM]
Cassidy MJ
Nonlinearity in quantum theory and closed timelike curves
Phys Rev D52 (1995) 5676-5680
[problems with energy conservation]

[phil]
Earman J
Bangs, Crunches, Whimpers and Shrieks: Singularities and Acausalities in Relativistic Spacetimes.
New York: Oxford University Press. 1995

[phil]
Earman J
Outlawing Time Machines: Chronology Protection Theorems
Erkenntnis 42(2): 125-139, March 1995
[philosopher's account]

[TM->QM]
Fewster CJ, Wells CG
Unitarity of Quantum Theory and Closed Time-Like Curves
Phys Rev D52 (1995) 5773-5782
[alternative solution to the QM unitarity problem]

[TM-wh: pop]
Gribbin J
Time travel - its all done with smoke and mirrors
New Scientist 145(1963): 14, 1995 Feb 4.

[TM->QM]
Hawking SW
Quantum Coherence and Closed Timelike Curves
Phys Rev D52 (1995) 5681-5686
[Irretrivable loss of coherence within the traversable wormhole makes the travel dangerous for the traveler]

[TM: top]
Konstantinov MY
Causality properties of topologically nontrivial space-time models
Int J Mod Phys D 4(2): 247-257, 1995 Apr.

[TM: top]
Krasnikov SV
Topology change without any pathology
Gen Relativity and Gravitation 27 (5) p 529-536, 1995

[TM]
Maccone C

J Bret. Interplanetary Society
[recaaled that you can use magnetic fields to warp s-t instead od exotic matter, according to Levi-Civita]

[TM-wh]
Low RJ
Time machines without closed causal geodesics
Class Quant Grav 12(5): L 37-L 38, 1995 May.
[wormhole TM with rotated mouths; admits CTCs but no causal closed geodesic; against Hawking's chronology protection conjecture]

[Lit]
Slusser G and Chatelain D
Spacetime geometries, time travel and the modern geometrical narrative
Science-Fiction Studies. 22(Part 2): 161-186, 1995 Jul.

[TM->QM, TM-wh]
Sushkov SV
Vacuum polarization of a complex automorphic scalar field in two-dimensional spacetime with closed null geodesics and the time-machine problem
Theor Math Phys 102(1): 98-108, 1995 Jan.

[TM->QM]
Sushkov SV
Quantum complex scalar field in two-dimensional spacetime with closed timelike curves and a time-machine problem
Class Quant Grav 12(7): 1685-1697, 1995 Jul.

[TM-]
Suter D
``Weak measurements'' and the ``quantum time-translation machine'' in a classical system
Phys. Rev. A 51, 45-49 (1995)

[]
Vaidman L
There is no classical analog of a quantum time-translation machine
Phys. Rev. A 52, 4297-4298 (1995)

[TM-wh: wec]
Wang AZ and Letelier PS
Dynamical wormholes and energy conditions
Progress of Theoretical Physics 94(1): 137-142, 1995

[TM, review]
Woodward JF
Making the universe safe for historians - time travel and the laws of physics
Found Phys Lett 8(1): 1-39, 1995
[See also Found Phys Lett 8(3) p. 303 1995]

[TM: top]
Yurtsever U
A remark on kinks and time machines
Gen Rel Grav 27(6): 691-693, 1995
[on CGSJ 94]

1994 ======================================

[TM-wd]
Alcubierre M
The warp drive: hyper-fast travel within general relativity
Class Quantum Grav 11, L73 (1994)
[warp drive introduced. May serve as a TM, according to Everett]

[TM-gt]
Carroll SM, Farhi E, Guth AH and Olum KD
Energy-momentum restrictions on the creation of Gott time machines
Phys Rev D 50 pp 6190-6206, 1994
[how to create Gott's time machine: not enough energy]

[TM-top]
Chamblin A, Gibbons GW and Steif AR
Kinks and time machines
Phys Rev D 50(4) pp R2353-R2355, 1994

[Pop]
Deutsch D and Lockwood M
The quantum physics of time travel
Sci Am 270(3): 68-74, 1994 Mar.
[popular exosition of Deutsch's view on time travel and quantum physics. See also comments by Beeman RH, Peters AR, Hewett LD.a and a reply by Deutsh & Lockwood in Sci. Am. 271(3): 10, 1994 Sep.]

[TM->QM]
Goldwirth DS, Perry MJ and Piran T
The breakdown of quantum mechanics in the presence of time machine
Gen Rel Grav 25 pp 7-13 1994

[TM->QM]
Goldwirth DS, Perry MJ, Piran T and Thorne KS
Quantum propagator for a nonrelativistic particle in the vicinity of a time machine
Phys Rev D 49(8): 3951-3957, 1994

[TM->QM]
Gonella F
Time machine, self-consistency and the foundations of quantum mechanics
Found Phys Lett 7(2): 161-166, 1994

[TM-top]
Gonzalez-Diaz PF
Time walk through the quantum cosmic string
gr-qc/9412034

[TM->QM]
Hartle JB
Unitarity and causality in generalized quantum mechanics for nonchronal spacetimes
Phys Rev D 49 (12) pp 6543-6555, 1994
[QM on TM space-time must be nonunitary. Feynman's path integral QM is proposed]

[TM->QM]
Headrick MP, Gott JR
(2+1)-dimensional spacetimes containing closed timelike curves
Phys Rev D 50, 1994, 7244-7259
[includes comments on TM based on a cosmic string loop inside a black hole]

[TM]
Jackiw R.
Time travel [in Ukranian]
Ukrainskii Fizicheskii Zhurnal. 39(1): 6-14, 1994.

[CM->TM: stability]
Krasnikov SV
On the classical stability of a time machine
Class Quant Grav 11(11): 2755-2759, 1994 Nov.

[TM-wh]
Li LX
New light on time machine: against the chronology protection cojecture
Phys Rev D 50 R6037-40, 1994
[ST with CTCs and no closed null geodesics (wormhole tm with perfect mirror) that is to refute Hawking's argument on impossibility of time machines]

[TM-gt = TM-gr]
Laurence D
Isometries between Gott's two-string spacetime and Grant's generalization of Misner space
Phys Rev D 50 pp 4957-4965

[TM-CPC]
Mishima T, Nakamichi A
Chronology Protection in Two-Dimensional Dilaton Gravity
Phys Rev D49 (1994) 595-598

[Lit]
Morris R
The perils of time travel
Futurist. 28(5): 60, 1994 Sep-Oct.

[TM-os]
Ori A and Soen Y
Causality violation and the weak energy condition
Phys Rev D 49(8): 3990-3997, 1994. See Erratum: Phys Rev D 50, 7744 (1994)

[TM-pl]
Politzer HD
Path integrals, density matrices, and information flow with closed timelike curves
Phys Rev D 49 (8) pp. 3981-3989 1994
[Politzer time machine introduced]

[TM ->CM, biliard]
Rama SK, Sen S
Inconsistent physics in the presence of time machines
preprint MRI-PHY/14/94, TCD-7-94; 19 pages.

[TM-top]
Siino M
Compact three dimensional black hole: Topology change and closed timelike curve
Class Quant Grav 11 (1994) 1995-2006

[Pop]
Simon JZ
The physics of time travel
Physics World 7(12): 27-33, 1994
[popular account; time loops of 5x10^-44 are hard to rule out]

[TM]
Soleng HH
Negative Energy Densities in Extended Sources Generating Closed Timelike Curves in General Relativity with and without Torsion
Phys Rev D49 (1994) 1124-1125

[TM]
Steif AR
Multiparticle solutions in 2+1 gravity and time machines
Int J Mod Phys D 3(1): 277-280, 1994

[book]
Thorn KS
Black Holes and Time Warps
(Northon, New York, 1994)
[popular account; on time travel using wormholes]

[TM-wh]
Visser M
VanVleck determinants - traversable wormhole spacetimes
Phys Rev D 49(8): 3963-3980, 1994

[TM]
Visser M
Hawking's chronology conjecture: singularity structure of the quantum stress-energy tensor
Nucl Phys B 416: 895-906, 1994

[TM->QM]
Yurtsever U
Algebraic approach to quantum field theory on non-globally-hyperbolic spacetimes
Class Quant Grav 11 (1994) 999

1993 ============================================

[TM]
Deser S
Physical obstacles to time-travel
Clasd Quant Grav 10 Supplement (Dec 1993)

[TM-gr]
Grant JDE
Cosmic strings and chronology protection
Phys Rev D 47, 2388 (1993)
[Grant's extention of Misner's time machine introduced]

[TM-QM]
Li LX, Xu JM and Liu L
Complex geometry, quantum tunneling, and time machines
Phys Rev D 48(10): 4735-4737, 1993

[TM]
Mikheeva EV and Novikov ID
Inelastic billiard ball in a spacetime with a time machine
Phys. Rev. D 47, 1432-1436 (1993)

[book]
Nahin PJ
Time Machines
New York, American Institute of Physics (1993)
[on time travel in science and science fiction]

[TM-os]
Ori A
Must time-machine construction violate the weak energy condition?
Phys Rev Lett 71 (16): 2517 (1993)
[New, toroidal, TM proposed. No exotic matter required]

[TM-rm]
Roman TA
Inflating Lorentzian wormholes
Phys Rev D 47, 1370-1379 (1993)
[introduces Roman rings time machine]

[TM-wh: cpc]
Visser M
From wormhole to time machine: comments on Hawking's chronology protection conjecture
Phys Rev D47 (1993) 554-565
[in support of Hawking's CPC]

1992 ============================================

[pop]
Allen B and Simon JZ
Time travel on a string
Nature 359 18, 1992

[TM->QM]
Boulware DG
Quantum field theory in spaces with closed time-like curves
Phys Rev D46 (1992) 4421-4441
[on scalar field theory near Gott's TM]

[TM: problems]
Carroll SM, Farhi E and Guth AH
An obstacle to building a time machine
Phys Rev Lett 68 pp 263-266. Erratum - ibid. p 3368.

[pop]
Chown M
Time travel without paradoxes
New Scientist, p. 23-23, 28 March 1992

[TM-gt]
Cutler C
Global structure of Gott's two-string spacetime
Phys Rev D 45 p.487-494, 1992
[Cauchy horizons for Gott's machine (two-string space-time)]

[TM-gt]
Deser S, Jackiw R and t'Hooft G
Physical cosmic strings do not generate closed timelike curves
Phys Rev Lett 68 pp 267-269, 1992

[TM]
Deser S and Steif AR
No time machines from lightlike sources in 2+1 gravity
\emph{gc/9210012}, 1992

[TM-gt]
Ford LH and Roman TA
"Cosmic flashing" in four dimensions
Phys Rev D 46, 1328-1339 (1992)

[TM->QM]
Friedman JL Papastamatiou, and Simon JZ Unitarity of interacting fields in curved spacetime
Phys Rev D 46 4442, 1992
[Feynman's approach to QM saves it from possible inconsistencies (probabilities add up to 100 percent)]

[TM->QM]
Friedman JL Papastamatiou, and Simon JZ
Feilure of unitarity for interacting fields on spacetimes with closed timelike curves
Phys Rev D 46 4456-4469, 1992

[TM-top]
Gibbons GW and Hawking SW
Selection rules for topology change
Commun. Math. Phys. 148:345--352, 1992

[TM-top]
Gibbons GW and Hawking SW
Kinks and topology change
Phys Rev Lett 69(12) pp 719-21, 1992.

[TM->QM]
Goldwirth DS, Perry MJ, Piran T
The loss of unitarity in the vicinity of a time machine
gr-qc/9209005

[QM->TM: cpc]
Hawking SW
Chronology protection conjecture
Phys Rev D 46 (2) p. 603-611, July 1992
[CPC introduced. Gravitational TM impossible since they could lead to closed null geodesics that would --- via quantum effects arising from vacuum fluctuations --- amplify causing instability of TM]

[TM]
Jensen B
Notes on spinning strings
Classical and Quantum Gravity 9 No. 1 (January 1992)

[TM->QM]
Kim SW
Particle creation for time travel through a wormhole
Phys Rev D 46 2428-2434, 1992

[TM->CM]
Novikov ID
Time machine and self-consistent evolution in problems with self-interaction
Phys Rev D 45 p.1989, 1992

[TM-CM]
Lossev A and Novikov ID
The Jinn of the time machine: nontrivial self-consistent solutions
Class Quant Gravity 9 pp. 2309-2321, 1992

[TM]
Ori A
???
Rev Lett 68, 1922, 1992
[more on surviving TM]

[TM]
Ori A
Structure of the singularity inside a realistic rotating black hole
Phys Rev Lett} 68, 2117-2120 (1992)
[more on surviving TM]

[TM-pl]
Politzer HD
Simple quantum systems in spacetimes with closed timelike curves
Phys Rev D 46 4470-4476, 1992
[Politzer time machine introduced to study QM presence of TM]

1991 ============================================

[TM->QM]
Deutsch D
Quantum mechanics near closed timelike lines
Phys Rev D 44 (10) p 3197-3217 1991
[Everett's interpretation of QM can fix TM paradoxes]

[TM->CM]
Echeverria F, Klinkhammer G and Thorne KS
Billiard balls in wormhole spacetime with closed timelike curves: Classical theory
Phys Rev D 44 (4) p. 1077-1099, 1991
[Feynman quatization solves the problem of the biliard paradox]

[TM->QM]
Friedman J and Morris MS
The Cauchy problems for the scalar wave equation is well-defined in a class of spacetimes with closed time like curves
Phys Rev Lett, 66 pp 401-404, 1991

[TM->QM]
Frolov VP
Vacuum polarization in a locally static multiply connected spacetime and a time-machine problem
Phys. Rev. D 43, 3878-3894 (1991)

[TM-gt]
Gott JR
Closed timelike curves produced by pairs of moving cosmic strings: Exact solutions
Phys Rev Lett 66, 1126, (1991)
[two-string time machine introduced]

[QM->TM]
Kim SW and Thorn KS
Do quantum fluctuations prevent the creation of closed time like curves?
Phys Rev D 43 1991 p 3929
[expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor calculated to diverge]

[TM-gt]
Lemonick MD
??????
Time, May 13, 1991, p 74
[popular announcement of Gott's TM]

[TM-gt; cpc]
Ori A
Rapidly moving strings and chronology protection
Phys Rev D 44 :R2214-R2215, 1991

[TM]
Ori A
Inner structure of a charged black hole: An exact mass-inflation solution
Rev Lett 67: 789, 1991
[one can survive creating singularities while making TM]

[TM-wh]
Thorn KS
Do the laws of physics permit closed time-like curves?
Ann New York Ac Sci 631 p182, 1991

1990 ============================================

[QTM]
Aharonov Y, Anandan J, Popescu S, and Vaidman L
Superpositions of time evolutions of a quantum system and a quantum time-translation machine
Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 2965-2968 (1990)

[TM]
Charlton N and Clarke CJS
On the outcome of Kerr-like collapse
Classical and Quantum Gravity 7 No. 5 (May 1990)

[TM-gt]
Ford LH and Roman TA
Moving mirrors, black holes, and cosmic censorship
Phys. Rev. D 41, 3662-3670 (1990)

[TM-wh; ctc]
Friedman J, Morris MS, Novikov ID, Echeverria F, Klinkhammer G, Thorne KS and Yurtsever U
Cauchy problem in spcetimes with closed timelike curves
Phys Rev D 42 (6) 1915-1930, 1990
[QM fixes the TM classical biliard paradox (Polchinski's prdx. "CTC's may be not as nasty as people have assumed". The principle of self-consistency in time travel reviewed.]

[TM->QM/CM]
Frolov VP and Novikov ID
Physical effects in wormholes and time machines
Phys Rev D 42 pp 1057-1065, 1990

[pop]
Redmount I
Wormholes, time travel and quantum gravity
New Scientist, p.57-61, 28 Apr 1990
[popular review]

[]
Yurtsever U
Test fields on compact space-times
J Math Phys 31, p. 3064--3078, 1990

1989 ============================================

[TM-pdx]
Novikov ID
???
Sov Phys JEPT 68, 1989
[principle of self-consistency in time-travels discussed]

[wh]
Visser M
Traversable wormholes from surgically modified Schwarzschild spacetimes
Nucl Phys B 328 pp 203-212

[wh]
Visser M
Traversable wormholes: some simple examples
Phys Rev D 39 : 3182-3184 1989
[wormholes without spherrical symmetry that are stable]

1988 ============================================

[pop]
Friedman JL
Back to the future
Nature 336 (24 Nov) p. 305-306
[turn a wormhole into a time machine by draging its one mouth with asteroid to induce time dilation: see T Roman 1986]

[TM-wh]
Morris MJ, Thorne KS and Yurtsever U
Wormholes, time machines, and the weak energy condition
Phys Rev Lett 61, 1446 (1988)
[wormhole as a time machine presented (idea of ??????), wormhole build with a use of Casimir effect. This article started the boom of TM papers]

[TM-wh; pop]
Morris MJ and Thorne KS,
Wormholes in spacetime and their use for interstellar travel
Am J Phys 56, 395 (1988)

1987 ============================================

[book]
Horwich P
Asymmetries in time
Cambridge: MIT Press, 1987
Contains chapter "Time Travel"

1986 ============================================

[phil TTpdx]
Dummet M
Causal loops
in: The NAture of Time, Raymond Flood and Michael Lockwood (eds.) Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1986

[phil TTpdx]
Roamn TA
Quantum stress-energy tensors and the weak energy condition
Phys. Rev. D 33, 3526-3533 (1986)

[TM-wh]
Roman T
"Traversable wormholes can be turned into time machines"
Private communication to M. Morris. Dec 1986 Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics held in Chicago, IL
[turn a wormhole into a time machine by draging its one mouth with asteroid to induce time dilation. Idea first published by Morris at al. ]

1985 ============================================

[TM-gd]
Malament D
Minimal acceleration requirements for time travel in Gödel spacetime
Journal of Mathematical Physics 26, 1985, p 774--777

1981 ============================================

[TM]
de Felice F
Timelike nongeodesic trajectories wich violate causality: A rigorous derivation
Nuovo Cimento 65 B pp 224-232, 1981

1978 ============================================

[TM]
Calvani M, de Felice F, Muchotrzeb B, and Salmistraro F
Time machine and geodesic motion in Kerr metric
Gen Rel Grav 9 pp155-163, 1978
[perhaps the first time the term "time machine" enters titles of scientific papers]

[TM]
Charlton NJ
Some properties of time-machines
J Phys A: Math and Gen 11 No. 11 (1978)

[TM]
de Felice F
Timelike nongeodesic trajectories wich violate causality: A rigorous derivation
Nuovo Cimento 65 B pp 224-232, 1981

1977=============================================

[TM]
Tipler FJ
Singularities and causality violation
Ann Phys 108 p 1-36, 1977
[introducing the idea of constructing ST's to contain closed timelike curves (time machines)]

1976 ============================================

[Phil]
Lewis D
The paradoxes of time travel
Am Phil Quaterly 13 (2) 1976 Apr
[Grandfather paradox considered by a philosopher; often cited paper]

[TM]
Tipler FJ
Causality violation in asymptotically flat space-times
Phys Rev Lett 37, p 879-882 (1976)
[Making a TM in a finite region with positive mass only leads to singularities]

1974 ============================================

[TM-vs]
Tipler FJ
Rotating cylinders and the possibility of global causality violation
Phys Rev D 9 pp 2203-2206, 1974
[van Stockum's time machine explicated]

1974 ============================================

[]
Hawking SW and Ellis GFR
The large structure of space time
Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge, 1974
[sec 6.4: ]

1960's ============================================

[TM]
Carter B
Global structure of the Kerr family of gravitational fields
Phys Rev 174, p 1559, 1968
[time travel region in rotating black hole]

[TM]
Carter B
Complete analytic extension of the symmetry axis of Kerr's solution of Einstein's equations
Phys Rev 141, p 1242, 1966
[time travel region in rotating black hole]

[Cosmic Strings]
Staruszkiewicz A
????
Acta Physica Polonica 24 1963, p 734
[point masses in 2D; precursor of cosmic string space-time]

1949 ============================================

[TM-gd]
Goedel K An example of a new type of cosmological solutions of Einstein's field equations of gravitation
Rev Mod Phys 21 p. 447, 1949
[a universe (solution to the Einsten's gravity eqns) acting as a TM]

1937 ============================================

[TM-vs]
Van Stockum WJ
Gravitational field of a distribution of particles rotating about an axis of symmetry
Proc R Soc Edin 57 pp 135-154, 1937
[rotating cylinder, the first time machine based on general relativity]

1800's ========================================

[TM-vs]
Wells HG
The Time Machine
Orig 1895, reprinted by Avanel Books, New York, 1979
[famous SciFi book, first on TM. The concept of space-time as a 4D continuum introduced more than a decade before Minkowski]

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